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The Polish anti-abortion movement in context of the social and political debate
Stejskalová, Michaela ; Klípa, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kubát, Michal (referee)
Issues related to women's rights, and specifically the right to abortion, belong to the range of central topics that every modern society must deal with and that signal the degree of its liberalization. For the same reason, the given issue is thematized by global and local conservative actors, who have been disseminating the concept of so-called "genderism" in the last decade, which they have used to cover issues of abortion and other social changes considered from their perspective as negative and degrading the "natural order" of Western civilization. They have decided to take an active stand against such changes and to advocate for a political and social return to traditional values. In this context, an important example is Poland, where under the rule of the conservative populist Law and Justice party between 2015 and 2023, there was a clear trend towards this value shift, in which conservative non-governmental organizations played a significant role. A typical example of such an entity is the Ordo Iuris Foundation, which has managed to establish itself as a major actor in the fight against artificial termination of pregnancy and other related issues in a short time horizon. The aim of this thesis was to map how the agenda of Ordo Iuris fits into the goals set by the global anti-gender...
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The Influence of the Catholic Anti-Abortion Movement on the Identity of the Republican Party in the 1960s and 1970s
Kropáčková, Kristina ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Kýrová, Lucie (referee)
This bachelor's thesis discusses the shift in the Republican Party's position on abortion in the 1970s in the context of Catholic anti-abortion movement. The anti-abortion movement was mobilised due to social upheavals of the 1960s during which the calls for abortion-laws liberalization became more prominent. The pro-life movement in the 1960s and 1970s was almost exclusively Catholic, since evangelicals joined the movement as part of the New Christian Right in the late 1970s. With the use of primary and secondary sources, the thesis analyses the relationship between the Republican Party and the pro-life movement. The thesis seeks to answer the question why the Republican Party included a pro-life stance to its platform. The thesis consists of three chapters. The first one explains the character and activity of the pro- life movement and the positions of the main actors, the Republican Party and the Catholic Church, on the abortion issue up to the legalization of abortion in 1973. The second part analyses Richard Nixon's position on abortion. The last chapter deals with Republican Party's adoption of the pro-life platform in 1976 and focuses on strengthening of the ties between the pro-life movement and the Republican Party. After analysing the relationship between the movement and the party, the...
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